| ADC |
Analog-to-Digital Converter. Hardware that converts analog voltage/current signals into digital values for processing. |
| Affinity Laws |
Engineering equations that relate pump performance (flow, head, power) at one speed to performance at another speed. Used to predict pump behavior across different VFD frequencies. |
| Apparent Power |
The total power in an AC circuit, measured in kVA. It is the vector sum of active power and reactive power. |
| BEP |
Best Efficiency Point. The flow rate at which a pump operates at maximum hydraulic efficiency. |
| BHP |
Brake Horsepower. The mechanical power required to drive the pump, measured at the shaft. |
| Black Box |
The pre-trigger recording feature that captures data from before an event occurred, similar to an aircraft flight recorder. |
| Boot2Qt |
An embedded Linux distribution provided by Qt, optimized for running Qt applications on embedded hardware. |
| CT |
Current Transformer. A device that steps down high current to a lower, measurable value. |
| CT Ratio |
The ratio of primary to secondary current in a current transformer (e.g., 100:5 = 20). |
| DownThrust |
A condition where the pump operates below its minimum flow rate, causing downward axial force on the pump shaft and bearing damage. |
| ESP |
Electric Submersible Pump. A type of artificial lift system used in oil wells, consisting of a downhole motor, pump, and surface control equipment. |
| GOR |
Gas-Oil Ratio. The volume of gas produced per unit volume of oil, indicating well behavior. |
| GPIO |
General Purpose Input/Output. A hardware pin on the processor that can be controlled by software. |
| Ground Fault |
An unintended electrical path between a conductor and ground, indicating insulation failure. |
| Harmonic |
A frequency component that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. The 5th harmonic of a 60 Hz system is 300 Hz. |
| HMI |
Human Machine Interface. The touchscreen display and software that operators use to interact with the monitoring system. |
| IEC 61000-4-30 |
International standard for power quality measurement methods. |
| IEEE 519 |
Standard for harmonic control in electrical power systems, defining acceptable THD limits. |
| Locked Rotor |
A fault condition where the motor rotor is unable to turn, drawing very high current (starting current) continuously. |
| Modbus |
An industrial communication protocol. RTU variant uses serial (RS-485), TCP variant uses Ethernet. |
| Negative Sequence |
A symmetrical component that represents phase unbalance. High negative sequence values indicate unbalanced voltage or current. |
| Nominal |
The rated or design value of a parameter (e.g., nominal voltage = the voltage the system is designed to operate at). |
| Phasor |
A vector representation of an AC quantity (voltage or current) showing both magnitude and phase angle. |
| Post-Trigger |
The period of data recording that continues after an event is detected. |
| Power Factor |
The ratio of active power to apparent power (0 to 1). A value of 1 means all power is doing useful work. |
| Pre-Trigger Buffer |
A continuously updated buffer that stores the most recent data packets, allowing the system to save data from before an event was detected. |
| RMS |
Root Mean Square. A method of calculating the effective value of an AC signal. |
| Rogowski Coil |
A type of current sensor that uses an air-core coil to measure AC current without a magnetic core. |
| SCADA |
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. A system for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes. |
| SPI |
Serial Peripheral Interface. A high-speed serial communication bus used to transfer data between the ADC and the processor. |
| TDD |
Total Demand Distortion. Similar to THD but referenced to the full-load demand current rather than the fundamental. |
| THD |
Total Harmonic Distortion. A measure of how much a waveform deviates from a pure sine wave, expressed as a percentage. |
| Trip |
The critical event threshold. When exceeded, automatic event recording is triggered. |
| UART |
Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter. A serial communication protocol used for sensor data. |
| UpThrust |
A condition where the pump operates above its maximum flow rate, causing upward axial force on the pump shaft and stage damage. |
| VFD |
Variable Frequency Drive. A motor controller that varies the output frequency and voltage to control motor speed. Also called VSD (Variable Speed Drive). |
| VT |
Voltage Transformer. A device that steps down high voltage to a lower, measurable value. |
| VT Ratio |
The ratio of primary to secondary voltage in a voltage transformer (e.g., 1950:110 = 17.73). |
| Warn |
The warning event threshold. When exceeded, an alert is displayed but the condition is not yet critical. |
| Water Cut |
The percentage of water in the total fluid produced from a well. |